Archivos de Configuracion

Siempre pensamos que nunca pasará, que nuestra copia de seguridad nos protege, pero cuando nos ponemos a editar ficheros de configuración, especialmente bajo linux, seguramente se nos pasará guardar el archivo inicial, o quizás lo que queremos es modificarlo para solucionar algún problemilla y después no recordamos como estaba.

Bien, pues aquí, en esta sección voy a colgar mis ficheros de configuración, para que el que lo necesite lo utilice o, si no le vale a nadie, al menos yo ya tengo mi copia de seguridad.

Archivo de Configuracion apt.conf

Este fichero está en /etc/apt/apt.conf y la función que tiene es, simplemente, seleccionar los repositorios desde donde instalar, mediante apt-get, todos los paquetes que se requieran.

Los repositorios pueden ser STABLE, TESTING, UNSTABLE.

*** * apt.conf ***

APT::Default-Release "stable"; APT::Cache-Limit 1000000000; Apt::Get::Purge;

Archivo fstab

# /etc/fstab: filesystem table.
#
# filesystem mountpoint type options dump pass
/dev/hda2 / reiserfs defaults 0 1
/dev/hda3 /home reiserfs defaults 0 1

/dev/hda5 none swap sw 0 0

proc /proc proc defaults 0 0

# /etc/fstab: filesystem table.
#
# filesystem mountpoint type options dump pass
/dev/hda2 / reiserfs defaults 0 1
/dev/hda3 /home reiserfs defaults 0 1

/dev/hda5 none swap sw 0 0

proc /proc proc defaults 0 0

/dev/cdrom /cdrom iso9660 defaults,rw,user,noexec,noauto 0 0
/dev/dvd /cdrom iso9660 defaults,ro,user,noexec,noauto 0 0
/dev/cdaudio /cdrom iso9660 defaults,ro,user,noexec,noauto 0 0

/dev/cdrom1 /mnt/cdrw iso9660 defaults,ro,user,noexec,noauto 0 0

/dev/sda /mnt/pen vfat noauto,users,exec,umask=022 0 0
/dev/sda1 /mnt/pen vfat noauto,users,exec,umask=022 0 0
/dev/sda4 /mnt/usb vfat noauto,users,exec,umask=022 0 0
/dev/hda1 /mnt/win vfat rw,users,auto,uid=cyfuss 0 0

Archivo gvimrc

" Configuration file for gvim
" Written for Debian GNU/Linux by W.Akkerman

" Make external commands work through a pipe instead of a pseudo-tty
"set noguipty
" Switch syntax highlighting on, when the terminal has colors

" Make shift-insert work like in Xterm
map
map!

" Also switch on highlighting the last used search pattern.
if has("syntax") && (&t_Co > 2 || has("gui_running"))
syntax on
colorscheme darkblue
set hlsearch
endif

" You can also specify a different font:
" set guifont=-misc-fixed-medium-r-normal--14-130-75-75-c-70-iso8859-1

Archivo lilo.conf

Este archivo funciona en mi pc, y con mis particiones, asi que si lo vas a utilizar, ten cuidado con el tema de las particiones.

# /etc/lilo.conf - See: `lilo(8)' and `lilo.conf(5)',
# --------------- `install-mbr(8)', `/usr/share/doc/lilo/',
# and `/usr/share/doc/mbr/'.

# +---------------------------------------------------------------+
# | !! Reminder !! |
# | |
# | Don't forget to run `lilo' after you make changes to this |
# | conffile, `/boot/bootmess.txt' (if you have created it), or |
# | install a new kernel. The computer will most likely fail to |
# | boot if a kernel-image post-install script or you don't |
# | remember to run `lilo'. |
# | |
# +---------------------------------------------------------------+

# Specifies the boot device. This is where Lilo installs its boot
# block. It can be either a partition, or the raw device, in which
# case it installs in the MBR, and will overwrite the current MBR.
#
boot=/dev/hda

# Specifies the device that should be mounted as root. (`/')
#
root=/dev/hda2

# Enable map compaction:
# Tries to merge read requests for adjacent sectors into a single
# read request. This drastically reduces load time and keeps the
# map smaller. Using `compact' is especially recommended when
# booting from a floppy disk. It is disabled here by default
# because it doesn't always work.
#
# compact

# Installs the specified file as the new boot sector
# You have the choice between: text, bmp, and menu
# Look in lilo.conf(5) manpage for details
#
#install=menu

# Specifies the location of the map file
#
map=/boot/map

# You can set a password here, and uncomment the `restricted' lines
# in the image definitions below to make it so that a password must
# be typed to boot anything but a default configuration. If a
# command line is given, other than one specified by an `append'
# statement in `lilo.conf', the password will be required, but a
# standard default boot will not require one.
#
# This will, for instance, prevent anyone with access to the
# console from booting with something like `Linux init=/bin/sh',
# and thus becoming `root' without proper authorization.
#
# Note that if you really need this type of security, you will
# likely also want to use `install-mbr' to reconfigure the MBR
# program, as well as set up your BIOS to disallow booting from
# removable disk or CD-ROM, then put a password on getting into the
# BIOS configuration as well. Please RTFM `install-mbr(8)'.
#
# password=tatercounter2000

# Specifies the number of deciseconds (0.1 seconds) LILO should
# wait before booting the first image.
#
delay=20

# You can put a customized boot message up if you like. If you use
# `prompt', and this computer may need to reboot unattended, you
# must specify a `timeout', or it will sit there forever waiting
# for a keypress. `single-key' goes with the `alias' lines in the
# `image' configurations below. eg: You can press `1' to boot
# `Linux', `2' to boot `LinuxOLD', if you uncomment the `alias'.
#
# message=/boot/bootmess.txt
prompt
timeout=100

bitmap=/boot/sarge.bmp
bmp-colors=1,,0,2,,0
bmp-table=120p,173p,1,15,17
bmp-timer=254p,432p,1,0,0

# Specifies the VGA text mode at boot time. (normal, extended, ask, )
#
# vga=ask
# vga=9
#
vga=791

# Kernel command line options that apply to all installed images go
# here. See: The `boot-prompt-HOWTO' and `kernel-parameters.txt' in
# the Linux kernel `Documentation' directory.
#
# append=""

# If you used a serial console to install Debian, this option should be
# enabled by default.
# serial=

#
# Boot up Linux by default.
#
default=Linux

image=/vmlinuz
label=Linux
read-only
# restricted
# alias=1

initrd=/initrd.img

image=/vmlinuz.old
label=LinuxOLD
read-only
optional
# restricted
# alias=2

initrd=/initrd.img.old

# If you have another OS on this machine to boot, you can uncomment the
# following lines, changing the device name on the `other' line to
# where your other OS' partition is.
#
# other=/dev/hda4
# label=HURD
# restricted
# alias=3
other=/dev/hda1
label=Windows
# restricted
# alias=2

Archivo resolv.conf

## /etc/resolv.conf

# terra2
nameserver 80.58.61.250
nameserver 80.58.61.254

# terra
nameserver 80.58.0.33
nameserver 80.58.32.97

# madrid
nameserver 195.235.113.3
nameserver 195.235.96.90

# sevilla
nameserver 62.151.2.8
nameserver 62.151.8.100

# arrakis
nameserver 195.5.64.2
nameserver 195.5.64.6

# arsys
nameserver 217.76.128.4
nameserver 217.76.129.4

# auna
nameserver 62.81.31.250
nameserver 62.81.61.2

# comunitel
nameserver 212.145.4.97
nameserver 212.145.4.98

# eresmas
nameserver 62.81.0.33
nameserver 62.81.16.129

# jazztel
nameserver 62.14.63.145
nameserver 62.14.2.1

Archivo slrn.rc

% -*- slang -*-

set username "notengo"
set hostname "terra.es"
set realname "cyfuss"

set replyto "notengo@terra.es"
set signature "/home/cyfuss/news/signature"

%
%% 2. Server specific settings
%

server "127.0.0.1" "/home/cyfuss/news/cyf_newsrc"

set quote_string "#"

%%esto quitalo si sale cyfuss@localhost.com%%
set generate_message_id 1

visible_headers ""
set followup_strip_signature 0 -> Si 1, no incluye firmas en Reply.
set reject_long_lines 0 -> No te deja postear >80 car/línea
ignore_quotes "^ ? ?[><:=|#|·|:]" "- ->" -> Define qué son quotes.
set non_Xbrowser "lynx '%s'"
set Xbrowser "firefox '%s' &" -> Define los navegadores.
set show_article 0 -> No muestra el art 1 al entrar.
set show_descriptions 1 -> Muestra descripciones de grupos.
set no_backups 0
set beep 0 -> No pitidos.
set unsubscribe_new_groups 1 -> Desuscribir todos los grupos inicialmente, añadir con 'a'.
set show_thread_subject 1 -> Mostrar subjects.
set mouse 1 -> Usar el mouse si xterm.
set display_cursor_bar 1 -> Cursor de barra en lugar de "->"
set scroll_by_page 0 -> Scrollear por líneas.
set auto_mark_article_as_read 1 -> Automarcar como leído al verlo.
set query_next_group 1
set query_next_article 1
set prompt_next_group 1
set confirm_actions 0 -> No confirmar cosas.
set author_display 2
set display_author_realname 1
set write_newsrc_flags 0
set cc_followup 1
set cc_followup_string "[Este msg ha sido tb publicado en las news]"
set use_tilde 1
set save_posts "news/my_posts"
set save_replies "news/my_replies" -> Donde almacenar respuestas.
scorefile "news/score" -> Fichero de puntuaciones.
set min_high_score 1
set max_low_score 0
set kill_score -9999
set abort_unmodified_edits 0
%set editor_command "vim +%d '%s'" -> Vuestro editor favorito.

set editor_command "file='%s'; sh $HOME/personal/scripts/signature/signature_cyf.sh >> $file; vim +%d $file"

set use_tmpdir 0 -> No usar tmp.
set sorting_method 11 -> Ordenar por thread/date.
set display_score 1 -> Ver puntuaciones de artículos.
set new_subject_breaks_threads 0
set uncollapse_threads 1
set read_active 0
set wrap_flags 4
set query_read_group_cutoff 0
set use_mime 1 -> Soporte MIME
set mime_charset "iso-8859-1" -> Nuestro character set.
set use_metamail 1
set metamail_command "metamail"
set use_header_numbers 1
set query_reconnect 1
set spoiler_char '*'
set spoiler_display_mode 1
set decode_directory "news" -> Dónde decodificar mensajes.
set save_directory "news" -> Dónde salvar mensajes.
set postpone_directory "news/postponed"
set followup_string "El %d, %r escribió en %n...:"
set reply_string "En %n, escribiste:"
color header_number "lightgray" "black"
color header_name "green" "black"
color normal "lightgray" "black"
color error "red" "black"
color status "yellow" "blue"
color group "yellow" "black"
color article "default" "black"
color cursor "black" "lightgray"
color author "brightred" "black"
color subject "lightgray" "black"
color headers "brightcyan" "black"
color menu "yellow" "blue"
color menu_press "blue" "yellow"
color tree "red" "black"
color quotes "brightcyan" "black"
color thread_number "blue" "black"
color high_score "red" "black"
color signature "red" "black"
color description "blue" "black"
color tilde "green" "black"
color response_char "green" "black"
setkey group post_postponed "\eP"
setkey group add_group "A"
setkey group bob "\e<"

Archivo sources.list

Este es mi sources.list para descargar y actualizar mi pc. Algunos repositorios son demasiados antiguos, pero como lo utilizo para el portatil, tampoco me importa mucho

Este fichero tiene la funcion de almacenar todos los repositorios donde estan los paquetes que vamos a instalar. Si quieres añadir mas tendremos que ir a http://www.apt-get.org

###
# /etc/apt/sources.list
###

#security
deb http://security.debian.org/ stable/updates main contrib non-free

## TESTING
deb http://ftp.rediris.es/debian testing main contrib non-free
deb ftp://mirrors.sunsite.dk/mirrors/debian/ testing main contrib
deb http://ftp.es.debian.org/debian/ testing main contrib non-free
deb http://ftp.fr.debian.org/debian/ testing main contrib non-free
deb ftp://ftp.de.debian.org/debian/ testing main contrib non-free
deb http://ftp.debian.org/debian testing main contrib non-free
deb-src http://ftp.debian.org/debian testing main contrib non-free
deb-src http://ftp.es.debian.org/debian/ testing main contrib non-free
deb-src http://ftp.fr.debian.org/debian/ testing main contrib non-free
deb-src ftp://ftp.de.debian.org/debian/ testing main contrib non-free
deb-src ftp://ftp.uk.debian.org/debian/ testing main contrib
deb-src ftp://mirrors.sunsite.dk/mirrors/debian/ testing main contrib
deb-src http://ftp.rediris.es/debian testing main contrib non-free
deb-src http://mirrors.kernel.org/debian/ testing main contrib

## sid
#deb http://ftp.es.debian.org/debian/ unstable main contrib non-free
#deb http://ftp.fr.debian.org/debian/ unstable main contrib non-free
#deb ftp://ftp.de.debian.org/debian/ unstable main contrib non-free
#deb http://ftp.debian.org/debian unstable main contrib non-free
#deb-src http://ftp.debian.org/debian unstable main contrib non-free
#deb-src ftp://ftp.de.debian.org/debian/ unstable main contrib non-free
#deb-src http://ftp.fr.debian.org/debian/ unstable main contrib non-free
#deb-src http://ftp.es.debian.org/debian/ unstable main contrib non-free

###
# otros
###

#pine
deb http://src.braincells.com/debian woody/
deb-src http://src.braincells.com/debian woody/

#mplayer
deb ftp://ftp.nerim.net/debian-marillat/ sarge main
deb http://www.stud.tu-ilmenau.de/~thsc-in/debian/ woody main
deb-src http://www.stud.tu-ilmenau.de/~thsc-in/debian/ woody main
deb http://debian.jones.dk sarge misc
deb http://www.backports.org/debian stable all
deb http://www.linex.org/sources/linex/debian sarge linex

# win codecs
#deb ftp://ftp.mowgli.ch/pub/debian sarge unofficial
#deb-src ftp://ftp.mowgli.ch/pub/debian sarge unofficial
#deb http://debian.fabbione.net/debian-ipv6 sarge ipv6
#deb-src http://debian.fabbione.net/debian-ipv6 sarge ipv6

# scilab
deb ftp://boisson.homeip.net/sarge ./

# opera
#deb http://deb.opera.com/opera/ stable non-free
#deb http://deb.opera.com/opera/ testing non-free
#deb http://deb.opera.com/opera/ unstable non-free

# kmobiletools
deb http://themind.altervista.org/debian unstable main
deb-src http://themind.altervista.org/debian unstable main

# gxmame
deb http://jeroen.coekaerts.be/debian/ unstable main contrib non-free
deb http://jeroen.coekaerts.be/debian/ unstable mirror
deb-src http://jeroen.coekaerts.be/debian/ unstable main contrib non-free
deb http://www.webalice.it/hayarms/debian unstable non-free
deb-src http://www.webalice.it/hayarms/debian unstable non-free

# gnome bluetooth
deb http://debian.usefulinc.com/gnome ./

# divxlinux
deb ftp://ftp.mowgli.ch/pub/debian sarge unofficial
deb-src ftp://ftp.mowgli.ch/pub/debian sarge unofficial

Archivo sources.list-rpm

# List of available apt repositories available from ayo.freshrpms.net.
# This file should contain an uncommented default suitable for your system.
#
# See http://ayo.freshrpms.net/ for a list of other repositories and mirrors.
#
# $Id: sources.list.i386 378 2004-04-30 16:33:52Z dude $

# Fedora Linux 2
rpm http://ayo.freshrpms.net fedora/linux/2/i386 core updates freshrpms
rpm http://ayo.freshrpms.net fedora/linux/2/i386 tupdates
rpm-src http://ayo.freshrpms.net fedora/linux/2/i386 core updates freshrpms
rpm-src http://ayo.freshrpms.net fedora/linux/2/i386 tupdates

# Fedora Linux 1
rpm http://ayo.freshrpms.net fedora/linux/1/i386 core updates freshrpms
rpm http://ayo.freshrpms.net fedora/linux/1/i386 tupdates
rpm-src http://ayo.freshrpms.net fedora/linux/1/i386 core updates freshrpms
rpm-src http://ayo.freshrpms.net fedora/linux/1/i386 tupdates

# Possible sections: at-stable, at-good, at-testing, at-bleeding
rpm http://apt.physik.fu-berlin.de fedora/2/en/i386 at-stable at-good
rpm-src http://apt.physik.fu-berlin.de fedora/2/en/i386 at-stable

# FreshRPMS for Fedora Core 2
rpm http://freshrpms.atrpms.net fedora/linux/2/i386 freshrpms
rpm http://ayo.freshrpms.net fedora/linux/2/i386 freshrpms
rpm-src http://ayo.freshrpms.net fedora/linux/2/i386 freshrpms

# NewRPMS for Fedora Core 2
rpm http://newrpms.atrpms.net/apt/ redhat/en/i386/fc2 newrpms
rpm http://newrpms.sunsite.dk/apt/ redhat/en/i386/fc2 newrpms
rpm-src http://newrpms.sunsite.dk/apt/ redhat/en/i386/fc2 newrpms

# Dag Wieers' rpms for Fedora Core 2
#rpm http://apt.sw.be redhat/fc2/en/i386 dag
#rpm-src http://apt.sw.be redhat/fc2/en/i386 dag

# JPackage for Fedora Core 2
rpm http://sunsite.informatik.rwth-aachen.de/ftp/pub/Linux/jpackage 1.5/generic free
rpm http://sunsite.informatik.rwth-aachen.de/ftp/pub/Linux/jpackage 1.5/fedora-2 free

# Planet CCRMA for Fedora Core 2
rpm http://planetccrma.atrpms.net/apt fedora/2/i386 planetcore planetccrma
rpm http://ccrma.stanford.edu/planetccrma/apt fedora/2/i386 planetcore planetccrma
rpm-src http://ccrma.stanford.edu/planetccrma/apt fedora/2/i386 planetccrma

# kde-redhat.org for Fedora Core 2
rpm http://kde-redhat.atrpms.net/apt/kde-redhat all stable
rpm http://kde-redhat.atrpms.net/apt/fedora all stable
rpm ftp://apt.kde-redhat.org/apt/kde-redhat all stable
rpm ftp://apt.kde-redhat.org/apt/fedora all stable
rpm-src ftp://apt.kde-redhat.org/apt/kde-redhat all stable

# Fedora Core 2 - i386 - Dries' repo
rpm http://apt.sw.be dries/fedora/fc2/i386 dries
#rpm-src http://apt.sw.be dries/fedora/fc2/i386 dries

# BIOrpms repository for Fedora Core 2
rpm http://apt.bea.ki.se/biorpms fedora/linux/2/i386 biorpms
rpm-src http://apt.bea.ki.se/biorpms fedora/linux/2/i386 biorpms

# Livna
rpm http://rpm.livna.org/ fedora/2/i386 stable unstable testing

# Fedora Core (SunSite RedIRIS, Madrid, Spain)
#rpm http://sunsite.rediris.es/mirror/fedora.us/fedora fedora/2/i386 os updates
#rpm-src http://sunsite.rediris.es/mirror/fedora.us/fedora fedora/2/i386 os updates

# Fedora Extras (SunSite RedIRIS, Madrid, Spain)
#rpm http://sunsite.rediris.es/mirror/fedora.us/fedora fedora/2/i386 stable
#rpm-src http://sunsite.rediris.es/mirror/fedora.us/fedora fedora/2/i386 stable

# Macromedia (Europe, Centro de Comunicaciones CSIC/RedIRIS, Madrid Spain)
rpm http://macromedia.rediris.es/apt fedora/2 macromedia
rpm-src http://macromedia.rediris.es/apt fedora/2 macromedia

############### K3b ###############
rpm http://rpms.xcyb.org/fedora/2 i386 stable bleeding
rpm-src http://rpms.xcyb.org/fedora/2 i386 stable bleeding

# Fedora Linux Development
#rpm http://ayo.freshrpms.net fedora/linux/development/i386 core
#rpm http://ayo.freshrpms.net fedora/linux/1/i386 freshrpms
#rpm-src http://ayo.freshrpms.net fedora/linux/development/i386 core
#rpm-src http://ayo.freshrpms.net fedora/linux/1/i386 freshrpms

# Red Hat Linux 9
#rpm http://ayo.freshrpms.net redhat/9/i386 os updates freshrpms
#rpm-src http://ayo.freshrpms.net redhat/9/i386 os updates freshrpms

# Red Hat Linux 8.0
#rpm http://ayo.freshrpms.net redhat/8.0/i386 os updates freshrpms
#rpm-src http://ayo.freshrpms.net redhat/8.0/i386 os updates freshrpms

# Red Hat Linux 7.3
#rpm http://ayo.freshrpms.net redhat/7.3/i386 os updates freshrpms
#rpm-src http://ayo.freshrpms.net redhat/7.3/i386 os updates freshrpms

# Red Hat Linux 7.2
#rpm http://ayo.freshrpms.net redhat/7.2/i386 os updates freshrpms
#rpm-src http://ayo.freshrpms.net redhat/7.2/i386 os updates freshrpms

# Red Hat Linux 7.1
#rpm http://ayo.freshrpms.net redhat/7.1/i386 os updates freshrpms
#rpm http://ayo.freshrpms.net redhat/7.1/i386 powertools dma
#rpm-src http://ayo.freshrpms.net redhat/7.1/i386 os updates freshrpms
#rpm-src http://ayo.freshrpms.net redhat/7.1/i386 powertools dma

# Red Hat Linux 7.0
#rpm http://ayo.freshrpms.net redhat/7.0/i386 os updates freshrpms
#rpm http://ayo.freshrpms.net redhat/7.0/i386 powertools dma
#rpm-src http://ayo.freshrpms.net redhat/7.0/i386 os updates freshrpms
#rpm-src http://ayo.freshrpms.net redhat/7.0/i386 powertools dma

# Red Hat Linux 6.2
#rpm http://ayo.freshrpms.net redhat/6.2/i386 os updates freshrpms
#rpm http://ayo.freshrpms.net redhat/6.2/i386 powertools
#rpm-src http://ayo.freshrpms.net redhat/6.2/i386 os updates freshrpms
#rpm-src http://ayo.freshrpms.net redhat/6.2/i386 powertools

Configuracion de Leafnode

Con esta guía vamos a configurar Leafnode, yo he seguido los pasos con Mandrake 8.1 y funciona a la perfección. En esta guía encontrarás los pasos básicos para montarlo, si quieres más información, pásate por http://www.leafnode.org, y si quieres ver una copia de seguridad de este archivo en archivo de configuración de leafnode lo tienes.

Suponemos que está leafnode instalado, si no fuera así lo podemos instalar del CD de nuestra distribución, suele venir en la mayoría de ellas, o lo descargamos de ftp.redhat.com. Si lo haces con Debian, puedes hacerlo, apt-get install leafnode.

Tenemos que editar el fichero '/etc/leafnode/config'. Escribimos los datos de nuestro servidor de news, el tiempo que vamos a tener en nuestro ordenador, ...

Si queremos tener más de un servidor, debemos hacer:

server= server1.elque.sea
username= user
password= pass
server= server2.elque.sea
username= user2
password= pass
server= ....

Si tenemos algún servidor con una conexión muy lenta, añadimos, debajo una línea con 'timeout = 60' (sin las comillas)

Si tenemos algún servidor sin la opción de postear, es decir, de 'solo lectura' añadimos una línea 'nopost=1'

En /etc/hosts.deny editamos una línea 'leafnode: ALL EXCEPT LOCAL'. Esto es para asegurarnos que solo nosotros vamos a tener acceso a leafnode.

En /etc/hosts.allow editamos línea, 'leafnode: 127.0.0.1', lo mismo que pasa con '/etc/hosts.deny', aquí permitimos el acceso a nuestra máquina, en 'hosts.deny', denegamos todo acceso.

En /etc/inetd.conf descomentamos la línea: nntp stream tcp nowait news /usr/sbin/tcpd /usr/sbin/leafnode
Si utilizas xinetd, tienes que descomentar /etc/inetd.conf.

Desde consola ejecutamos /etc/rc.d/init.d/xinetd restart o /etc/rc.d/init.d/inetd restart, según tengamos instalado [x]inetd. Esta orden es para reiniciar la configuración actual, también se podría reiniciar, pero no merece la pena, no? Eye-wink .

telnet 127.0.0.1 119 a leafnode , si funciona , quit, para ver si tenemos acceso al servidor.

Configurar Knode, le dices que el servidor es 127.0.0.1, ya te olvidas de usuario y password, por que estás en tu propia máquina todas las noticias.

Después como root escribimos en el shell /usr/sbin/fetchnews -vvv, para descargarnos los grupos.

Una vez bajados los grupos nos suscribimos en Knode a los que queramos. Para suscribirte hay otra forma de hacerlo mas 'linuxera' Eye-wink .
En /var/spool/news/interesting.groups, escribimos, como root, touch es.comp.linux, ... así en todos los grupos a los que te quieras suscribir.

Después hacemos su news, metemos la contraseña y /usr/sbin/fetchnews -vvv para descargar encabezados de los grupos suscritos.

Bueno, pues esta es la dificultad que tiene configurar leafnode, se podría hacer más 'complejo', con filtros y demás, pero con esto ya podemos disfrutar de las news en nuestra distro de GNU/Linux.

Archivo de Configuracion de Leafnode

Leafnode nos permite gestionar los artículos de las news sin necesidad de estar conectados a internet, así como la lectura y escritura de nuestros propios post. Actúa como un servidor de news con lo que necesita una configuración personalizada.

Para ello, aquí dejo el archivo de configuración de leafnode, /etc/news/leafnode/config, para tenerlo como copia de seguridad, y si no sabes como hacer la configuración, en configuración de leafnode de esta misma web, puedes encontrar la guía que hice hace tiempo.

### # /etc/news/leafnode/config ###


## This is the NNTP server leafnode fetches its news from.

## You need read and post access to it. Mandatory.
server = news.server.es

noactive = 1

nodesc = 1
server = news.server.es

username = username

password = pass

noactive = 1

nodesc = 1
## Unread discussion threads will be deleted after this many days if

## you don't define special expire times. Mandatory.

expire = 30
##

## All the following parameters are optional

##
## Standard news servers run on port 119. If your newsserver doesn't, comment

## out the following line and change it accordingly.

# port = 8000
## Non-standard expire times (glob(7) wildcard constructs possible)

# groupexpire comp.os.linux.* = 5 # groups too big to hold articles 20 days

# groupexpire any.local.newsgroup = 100 # very interesting, hold articles longer
## Never fetch more than this many articles from one group in one run.

## Be careful with this; setting it much below 1000 is probably a bad

## idea.

maxfetch = 20000000
## Fetch only a few articles when we subscribe a new newsgroup. The

## default is to fetch all articles.

initialfetch = 10000
## To avoid spam, you can select the maximum number of crosspostings

## that are allowed in incoming postings. Setting this below 5 is

## probably a bad idea. The default is unlimited crossposting.

maxcrosspost = 5
## If you suffer from repeatedly receiving old postings (this happens

## sometimes when an upstream server goes into hiccup mode) you can

## refuse to receive them with the parameter "maxage" which tells the

## maximum allowed age of an article in days. The default maxage is 10

## days.

maxage = 60
## maxlines will make fetch reject postings that are longer than a certain

## amount of lines.

# maxlines = 100
## minlines will make fetch reject postings that are shorter than a certain

## amount of lines.

# minlines = 2
## maxbytes will make fetch reject postings that are larger

# maxbytes = 50000
## timeout_short determines how many days fetch gets a newsgroup which

## has been accidentally opened. The default is two days.

timeout_short = 2
## timeout_long determines how many days fetch will wait before not getting

## an unread newsgroup any more. The default is seven days.

timeout_long = 90
## timeout_active determines how many days fetch will wait before re-reading

## the whole active file. The default is 90 days.

timeout_active = 100
## If you want to have your newsreader score/kill on Xref: lines, you might

## want to uncomment this.

# create_all_links = 1
## If you want to filter out certain regular expressions in the header,

## create a "filterfile" (how this is done is explained in the README)

## and set

filterfile = /etc/news/leafnode/filters

## If your newsreader does not supply a Message-ID for your postings ## Leafnode will supply one, using the hostname of the machine it is ## running on. If this hostname is not suitable, this parameter can be ## used to override it. Do not use a fantasy name, it may interfere with ## the propagation of your messages. Most modern newsreaders do provide ## a Message-ID. hostname = local.localhost.com

Configuracion de Nikon Coolpix 3100

Características
En
http://www.quesabesde.com/camdig/productos/cam303e.asp
tienes un link a las características más detalladas de la cámara.

Resolución Efectiva 3.20 MP
Enfoque automático
Zoom óptico 3x
Zoom digital 4x
Balanceo de blancos automático
Resoluciones [en pixel]: 2048 x 1536; 1600 x 1200; 1024 x 768; 640 x 480

Esta es la cámara

Configuración
Para configurarla bajo linux tenemos 2 opciones.

La primera es tomar el camino fácil:

Si tienes una distribución moderna y ya tienes configurados algunos periféricos con USB [pda, pendrive, zip...] no necesitarás configurar nada más, solo el archivo /etc/fstab, y lo tienes.

Pasos:

Conectas la camara al pc
Creas una entrada a /etc/fstab, /dev/sda1 /mnt/camera vfat auto,users,exec,umask=000 0 0
mkdir /mnt/camera, chmod 666 /mnt/camera
A disfrutar, ya la tienes. Abre tu programa favorito para ver fotos.

La segunda forma, configuracion manual:

Si tienes una distribucion antigua, o que no tienes configurado ningun aparato USB y por tanto tu kernel no lo soporta, debes compilarlo. Tienes que incluir el soporte SCSI

SCSI Support (CONFIG_SCSI)
SCSI IDE Support (CONFIG_BLK_DEV_IDESCSI)
SCSI disk support (CONFIG_BLK_DEV_SD)
SCSI generic support (CONFIG_CHR_DEV_SG)

y el USB

Support for USB (CONFIG_USB)
USB drivers. One or more of: ECHI HCD (CONFIG_USB_EHCI_HCD), UHCI (CONFIG_USB_UHCI), OHCI (CONFIG_USB_OHCI)
Preliminary USB device file system (CONFIG_USB_DEVICEFS)
USB Mass Storage support (CONFIG_USB_STORAGE)

Cargar los modulos necesarios
modprobe ide-scsi sd_mod vfat
modprobe usb-ohci (o usb-uhci dependiendo de tu bus de USB)
modprobe usb-storage (o usb-uhci dependiendo de tu bus de USB)

Despues de esto, debes añadir a tu /etc/fstab estas lineas [en este orden]
proc /proc proc defaults 0 0 usbdevfs
/proc/bus/usb usbdevfs defaults 0 0

Una vez que tengamos esto, solo nos queda volver a los pasos de arriba
mkdir /mnt/camera; chmod 666 /mnt/camera
Montar la particion de la camara con 'mount -t vfat /dev/sda1 /mnt/camera',
y si todo funciona editas /etc/fstab con esta linea:/dev/sda1 /mnt/camera vfat auto,users,exec,umask=000 0 0

Resultado
Para ver el resultado, puedes hacer click en galeria. Las fotos estan hechas con la camara y sacadas con mi debian sid.